Python运算符

Python 运算符

运算符用于对变量和值执行操作。

Python 将运算符分为以下组：

  • 算术运算符
  • 分配运算符
  • 比较运算符
  • 逻辑运算符
  • 标识运算符
  • 会员运算符
  • 位运算符

Python 算术运算符

算术运算符与数值一起使用，以执行常见的数学运算：

| Operator | Name | Example | | + | Addition | x + y | | - | Subtraction | x - y | | * | Multiplication | x * y | | / | Division | x / y | | % | Modulus | x % y | | ** | Exponentiation | x ** y | | // | Floor division | x // y |

Python 分配运算符

赋值运算符用于将值分配给变量：

| Operator | Example | Same As | | = | x = 5 | x = 5 | | += | x += 3 | x = x + 3 | | -= | x -= 3 | x = x - 3 | | *= | x *= 3 | x = x * 3 | | /= | x /= 3 | x = x / 3 | | %= | x %= 3 | x = x % 3 | | //= | x //= 3 | x = x // 3 | | **= | x **= 3 | x = x ** 3 | | &= | x &= 3 | x = x & 3 | | |= | x |= 3 | x = x | 3 | | ^= | x ^= 3 | x = x ^ 3 | | »= | x »= 3 | x = x » 3 | | «= | x «= 3 | x = x « 3 |

Python 比较运算符

比较运算符用于比较两个值：

| Operator | Name | Example | | == | Equal | x == y | | != | Not equal | x != y | | > | Greater than | x > y | | < | Less than | x < y | | >= | Greater than or equal to | x >= y | | <= | Less than or equal to | x <= y |

Python 逻辑运算符

逻辑运算符用于组合条件语句：

| Operator | Description | Example | | and  | Returns True if both statements are true | x < 5 and  x < 10 | | or | Returns True if one of the statements is true | x < 5 or x < 4 | | not | Reverse the result, returns False if the result is true | not(x < 5 and x < 10) |

Python 标识运算符

标识运算符用于比较对象，而不是它们相等，但如果它们实际上是同一个对象，则具有相同的内存位置：

| Operator | Description | Example | | is  | Returns True if both variables are the same object | x is y | | is not | Returns True if both variables are not the same object | x is not y |

Python 成员资格运算符

成员资格运算符用于测试对象中是否显示序列：

| Operator | Description | Example | | in  | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is present in the object | x in y | | not in | Returns True if a sequence with the specified value is not present in the object | x not in y |

Python 位运算符

位运算符用于比较（二进制）数字：

| Operator | Name | Description | | &  | AND | Sets each bit to 1 if both bits are 1 | | | | OR | Sets each bit to 1 if one of two bits is 1 | |  ^ | XOR | Sets each bit to 1 if only one of two bits is 1 | | ~  | NOT | Inverts all the bits | | « | Zero fill left shift | Shift left by pushing zeros in from the right and let the leftmost bits fall off | | » | Signed right shift | Shift right by pushing copies of the leftmost bit in from the left, and let the rightmost bits fall off |